The Chinese Decision to Enter the Korean War Essay

The Chinese Decision to Enter the Korean War - Essay ExampleChinas intervention in Korea cannot be ascribed simply to wanting to maintain the semblance of balance of power, a theory of state behavior that explains and predicts how states respond to threats posed by a potentially dominant, revisionist and aggressive state1, based on the assumption that states seek to, maximize their power in order to survive in a competitive foreign clay.2 US presence in the Asian region led to China and the US pursuing purely security related strategies that were mutually exclusive, unwittingly generating mutual hostility.Similarly, Chinese responses cannot be generalized into the Chinese merely wanting to secure their national interests without taking into consideration m each other factors such as leadership challenges, domestic imperatives, and political consensus amongst domestic bureaucracies that can impinge upon foreign policy. The general understanding and belief is that Chinas foreign pol icy has been shaped primarily by external stimulus with domestic factors playing only a marginal role. However, the inability of existing theories to fully explain the reasons for Chinas entry into the conflict signifies that we must require at explanations that go beyond functional concepts of International Relations but also look more closely at internal factors and domestic compulsions.Students of worldwide relations a... This is particularly relevant in the context of the Korean War, when one recollects that China was then emerging from the throes of a protracted civil war and that the Peoples democracy of China had been formally declared less than a year earlier, in October 1949. When the internal polity of a country is in a state of flux, any government which is seen as defending a nations interests will only emerge stronger. Chinas entry into the Korean conflict can therefore, largely be seen to emanate as a result of the CCP converting a external threat into an opportunit y to consolidate its position internally. Korea was annexed by Japan in 1910 and remained under Japanese occupation until the end of world War II. In August 1945, the Soviet Union and the United States decided to oversee the surrender of Japanese forces to the North and South of the 38th parallel respectively. This was to be a temporary arrangement, with a united Korea the ultimate aim. In the interim, the US and the Soviet Union established governments in their respective zones that were sympathetic to their political ideologies. The US installed Syngman Lee in South Korea, while the Soviet Union backed North Korea Kim Il-Sung, with both wanting a unified Korea, under their own system and stewardship. However, North Korea was bolstered by Soviet advisors and military equipment was better prepared to seize the initiative. The North Korean attack across the 38th Parallel in June 1950 was a resounding success North Korea could not capitalize on their gains. North Korea failed to acco mplish two crucial tasks, namely the total annihilation of the South Korean army and the